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Tanzim Qaidat al-Jihad fi Bilad al-Rafidayn
''Tanzim Qaidat al-Jihad fi Bilad al-Rafidayn'', (TQJBR),〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Govt bans al-Zarqawi terror group )〕 (英語:"Organization of Jihad's Base in Mesopotamia", (アラビア語:تنظيم قاعدة الجهاد في بلاد الرافدين)), also referred to as Al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI) or Al-Qaeda in Mesopotamia, was an Iraqi Sunni Islamic Jihadist organization affiliated with al-Qaeda. It was a major combatant actor in the Iraqi insurgency and played a central role in the establishment of the Mujahideen Shura Council in Iraq and the Islamic State of Iraq.〔
==Origins==
The group was founded by the Jordanian militant Abu Musab al-Zarqawi in 1999 under the name Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad (Arabic: جماعة التوحيد والجهاد, "Group of Monotheism and Jihad").
The group is believed to have started bomb attacks in Iraq as of August 2003, five months after the coalition invasion and occupation of Iraq, targeting UN representatives, Iraqi Shiite institutions, the Jordanian embassy, provisional Iraqi government institutions.
After pledged allegiance to Osama bin Laden's al-Qaeda network in October 2004, its official name became ''Tanzim Qaidat al-Jihad fi Bilad al-Rafidayn''.〔(Middle East and North Africa Overview ), ''Country Reports on Terrorism'', U.S. State Department, 28 April 2006〕
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